Factor VIII activity levels: What they are and why they are important in hemophilia A
Hemophilia A and Factor VIII deficiency
Hemophilia A is an inherited disorder passed down from male or female parents that causes the clotting protein Factor VIII to be missing or not work properly. This is also referred to as Factor VIII deficiency.
Hemophilia A is an inherited disorder passed down from male or female parents that causes the clotting protein Factor VIII to be missing or not work properly. This is also referred to as Factor VIII deficiency.
So why is Factor VIII deficiency an issue?
When an injury occurs, a process called hemostasis takes place at the injury site, where your blood forms a clot to stop the bleeding.
When an injury occurs, a process called hemostasis takes place at the injury site, where your blood forms a clot to stop the bleeding.
Hemostasis takes place in 2 parts:
Platelets (small cell fragments in our blood) move to the area of injury and, with another protein called von Willebrand factor, they form a “platelet plug” to help reduce blood loss.
A process called the “clotting cascade” is activated, creating the thrombin molecule, which converts to fibrin and forms a “fibrin mesh” around the platelets at the site of injury. This stabilizes the clot and stops the bleeding.
Factor VIII is a vital protein involved in the hemostasis process. Without enough Factor VIII (ie, if you have Factor VIII deficiency), your body generates less thrombin, blood can't clot properly, and excessive bleeding can occur.
Factor VIII is a vital protein involved in the hemostasis process. Without enough Factor VIII (ie, if you have Factor VIII deficiency), your body generates less thrombin, blood can't clot properly, and excessive bleeding can occur.
What are factor activity levels?
The amount of Factor VIII in your blood is called your "factor activity level"
Everyone's factor levels are different, and they can change over someone's lifetime.
However, people with lower factor levels have a greater bleed risk, and people with higher factor levels are better protected from bleeds.
Because of differing Factor VIII activity levels, every person with hemophilia has unique treatment goals that need to be tailored to their individual needs. That's why it's important to talk to your doctor about managing your hemophilia.
Everyone's factor levels are different, and they can change over someone's lifetime.
However, people with lower factor levels have a greater bleed risk, and people with higher factor levels are better protected from bleeds.
Because of differing Factor VIII activity levels, every person with hemophilia has unique treatment goals that need to be tailored to their individual needs. That's why it's important to talk to your doctor about managing your hemophilia.
How can Factor VIII activity levels impact lifestyle and activity?
Factor levels can impact lifestyle and activity
You may choose to make lifestyle adjustments or engage in less physical activities to reduce the risk of bleeding and pain associated with hemophilia.
The severity of hemophilia can also impact your ability to be active and take part in physical activities. The lower a person's Factor VIII activity levels are, the lower their level of physical activity tends to be. It's important to speak to your doctor about the best way to manage your hemophilia.
See how different Factor VIII activity levels might impact your ability to perform certain activities:
You may choose to make lifestyle adjustments or engage in less physical activities to reduce the risk of bleeding and pain associated with hemophilia.
The severity of hemophilia can also impact your ability to be active and take part in physical activities. The lower a person's Factor VIII activity levels are, the lower their level of physical activity tends to be. It's important to speak to your doctor about the best way to manage your hemophilia.
See how different Factor VIII activity levels might impact your ability to perform certain activities:
General guidelines on Factor VIII levels and their impact on the ability to perform activities
Factor VIII activity levels | Impact on physical activity/lifestyle |
|---|---|
Normal levels | May engage in higher-impact activity without pain (sports, physical jobs, and active days) |
Near-normal* | Near-normal factor activity levels are currently undefined by the World Federation of Hemophilia |
Mild hemophilia | May engage in higher risk activities (aerobics, Pilates, bicycling, swimming), with some pain
|
Moderate hemophilia | May engage in limited activity with some pain (walking, golfing, sailing, gardening), with a risk of spontaneous bleeds or microbleeds
|
Severe hemophilia | A person’s lifestyle is considered “vulnerable,” which means their level of physical activity is low to sedentary
|
Hemophilia A treatment and Factor VIII activity levels
One type of treatment for people with hemophilia A is Factor VIII replacement therapy, which helps to replace missing Factor VIII in your blood due to hemophilia A.
These treatments can be taken regularly, called prophylaxis, to help prevent bleeds. They can also be given on-demand during a bleeding episode to help stop bleeding or perioperatively to help manage bleeding during and around the time of surgery.
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the WFH recommend prophylaxis treatment over on-demand treatment in order to help prevent damage and other complications caused by bleeding.
These treatments can be taken regularly, called prophylaxis, to help prevent bleeds. They can also be given on-demand during a bleeding episode to help stop bleeding or perioperatively to help manage bleeding during and around the time of surgery.
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the WFH recommend prophylaxis treatment over on-demand treatment in order to help prevent damage and other complications caused by bleeding.
